Running VFleet on SGI/Cray MPPs

What Is VFleet?

This document is part of the documentation for the VFleet distributed volume renderer.

SGI/Cray T3D

Building for the T3D

A special low-precision square root routine called SQRTI is used by the T3D and T3E versions of VFleet. This routine is not distributed with the VFleet source because it is owned by SGI/Cray. It was available in the unsupported Cray Benchlib product. If you do not have access to that product, contact us at the address below and we will pass the module to licensed SGI/Cray sites.

The T3D version of VFleet requires a special executable, called vrenserver_t3d. A separate name is needed to distinguish it from the version that might run on the host machine. This executable is built separately. To build the T3D version of VFleet, build first on the host machine using Makefile_cray, then use Makefile_t3d to build vrenserver_t3d.

General Instructions

There is often a lot of confusion in getting PVM running between the T3D and the outside world. The following steps should create a PVM virtual machine extending to a remote workstation, and start VFleet in distributed mode across the system.

  1. Make sure the following environment variables are set:
    • MPP_AGENT_PLOCK=none
    • MPP_NPES= (however many PEs you plan to use in your configuration)
    • PVM_ROOT= (whatever the appropriate root structure for your machine is)
    • PVM_ARCH=CRAY
    • PVM_PE_LIST=all
    • PVM_EXPORT=DISPLAY
    • DISPLAY= (the display of the workstation where you will be running the GUI)

  2. Follow the general instructions for starting up VFleet found in the WWW documentation, starting the service manager on the Cray and using a list of rendering server machines consisting of a series of n lines, all saying T3D, where n is ${MPP_NPES}. For example, to run on 8 PEs with the GUI running on a workstation named myhost, the startup procedure would look like this: (% is the Cray's prompt) 
    
% pvm
pvm> add myhost
pvm> quit

% cat t3d_hosts_8.t
T3D
T3D
T3D
T3D
T3D
T3D
T3D
T3D

% servman -lmyhost -rt3d_hosts_8.t &
    At this point a small window associated with the logserver should appear on the workstation screen, and the PVM console command ps -a should show servman, logserver, and the PVM group daemon running. (servman will not appear by name because it is started from the command line).

  3. Then, on the workstation myhost, do: 
    
% vfleet -n 8

This should start things up.

Hints and Tricks

The T3D environment consists of a host like an SGI/Cray C90, an MPP attached to the host, and probably a remote workstation on which the GUI will run. The situation is complicated by the fact that the Cray PVM software does not share the PVM group environment between the host and the MPP. Because VFleet uses groups to allow processes to find each other, this presents a problem.

The solution used by VFleet is that the Service Manager servman writes its PVM tid to a file named /tmp/vfleet_group_kludge.nnnn, which nnnn is the UID of the user. The T3D processes then read this file to learn the tid of the service manager, and can open communication.

On the T3D VFleet uses shmem-type communication where speed is important, in passing images up the renderer hierarchy for compositing. The renderer structure is set up using PVM calls between the Service Manager and the rendering servers; then all rendering servers other than the one on PE0 stop listening for messages from the world beyond the T3D. Since listening to the outside world involves a lot of system overhead, this greatly improves efficiency. The PVM_PE_LIST environment variable must be set to "all" because of the needs of the start-up phase, but the change in listening strategies seems to remove most of the overhead of this state once rendering has begun.

Running on the SGI/Cray T3E

Building for the T3E

Because Cray's makedepend doesn't (currently) understand the Cray "modules" mechanism, the process of making dependencies will not work correctly unless all the relevent include directories are explicitly present. This requires finding the directories under /opt/ctl where the X Windows and shmem include files reside, and adding them explicitly to the COPTIONS line in config.mk . For example, on our system the correct line is: 

COPTIONS=  -I/opt/ctl/cvt/cvt/include -I/opt/ctl/craylibs/3.0.0.0/include
Other than this, the build process proceeds as it would on any other Unix machine.

General Instructions

VFleet has been run under the MPT version of PVM, available in the mpt software module. This system lacks support for groups beyond the T3E itself, however. This means that if the user interface is to be run on a remote machine, VFleet must be manually told the PVM tid of the Service Manager. The Service Manager writes out its tid at start-up; the -S command line option can be used to give this information to the VFleet user interface. Note that this number is being written and read in hex.

  1. Make sure the following environment variables are set:
    • PVM_ROOT= (whatever the appropriate root structure for your machine is)
    • PVM_ARCH=CRAY
    • PVM_PE_LIST=all
    • PVM_EXPORT=DISPLAY
    • DISPLAY= (the display of the workstation where you will be running the GUI)

  2. Follow the general instructions for starting up VFleet found in the WWW documentation, starting the service manager on the Cray and using a list of rendering server machines consisting of a series of n lines, all saying T3E, where n is ${MPP_NPES}. For example, to run on 8 PEs with the GUI running on a workstation named myhost, the startup procedure would look like this: (% is the Cray's prompt) 
    
% pvm
pvm> add myhost
pvm> quit

% cat t3e_hosts_8.t
T3E
T3E
T3E
T3E
T3E
T3E
T3E
T3E

% servman -lmyhost -rt3e_hosts_8.t &

    servman will output a line similar to the following: 

    
baseNet initialized; name and instance <ServiceManager (tid 60000)> 0
    The number in parenthesis, 60000 in this example, is the Service Manager tid referred to in the next step.

    At this point a small window associated with the logserver should appear on the workstation screen, and the PVM console command ps -a should show servman, logserver, and the PVM group daemon running. (servman will not appear by name because it is started from the command line).

  3. Then, on the workstation myhost, do: 
    
% vfleet -n 8 -S xxxxx
    where xxxxx is the Service Manager tid number, written to the console when servman is started up.

This should start things up.

Hints and Tricks

There currently (6/97) appears to be a bug in SGI/Cray MPT PVM that can cause system errors when VFleet exits. The problem is that a PVM console halt command does not kill processes started from the command line. The VFleet Service Manager is such a process, and since it waits listening for PVM messages it will produce a long string of system errors when the rest of PVM exits.

To avoid this problem, exit any processes started from the command line before halting PVM. This can be done by exiting the VFleet UI via the "File/Exit" menu item, and then foregrounding the Service Manager process and killing it with control-C. If you forget to do this and are rewarded with an endless stream of System Error messages, the thing to do is to find the pid of the Service Manager process and kill it with the Unix kill -9 command.

On the T3E VFleet uses shmem-type communication where speed is important, in passing images up the renderer hierarchy for compositing. The renderer structure is set up using PVM calls between the Service Manager and the rendering servers; then all rendering servers other than the one on PE0 stop listening for messages from the PVM daemon. Since listening to the outside world involves a lot of system overhead, this greatly improves efficiency. The PVM_PE_LIST environment variable must be set to "all" because of the needs of the start-up phase, but the change in listening strategies seems to remove most of the overhead of this state once rendering has begun.

J. Welling
Last modified: Thu Jun 26 17:38:10 EDT